Volume 7

Number 2, July 2025

Fetomaternal Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Single Center Cross-Sectional Study

DOI: https://doi.org/10.47648/zhswmcj.2025.v0702.05

Azam I1 , Choudhury SF2 , Ali E3 , Urmi NS4 , Alin FK5 , Nurunnabi M6

Abstract

Background: Worldwide Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent pregnancy-related condition that affects the health of millions of women and newborns worldwide. Diagnosing and treating GDM during pregnancy is vital since it has short- and long-term adverse effect on both maternal and fetal well-being.Objective: To assess maternal and fetal outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus. Methodology: This hospital-based observational cross-sectional study was conducted from March to August 2024 at Sylhet Women’s Medical College Hospital, involving 100 women with GDM. Aged 18-45 years were diagnosed with GDM, while used while those with pre-gestational diabetes or other chronic medical conditions during pregnancy were excluded. Results: The mothers in this study had a mean age of 34.1±6.4 years, with the majority (52.0%) in the 31-40-year age group. The mean maternal BMI was 27.2±2.8 kg/m², with 54.0% classified as overweight and 27.0% as obese. Among those with GDM, 78.0% were multigravida, and 65.4% had a history of GDM in previous pregnancies. Besides, 55.0% had a first-degree relative with GDM, and 32.0% had a history of hypertension. A history of delivering a macrosomic child was reported by 58.8%, with prior cesarean section being the most common indication for a previous CS (57.4%). In postpartum, 74.0% of mothers experienced complications, with pre-eclampsia (51.4%) and PIH (47.3%) being the most common. Fetal complications affected 72.0% of mothers, with 41.0% delivering macrosomic newborns and 5.0% underweight. Common fetal complications included hypoglycemia (38.9%), respiratory distress syndrome (34.7%), and hyperbilirubinemia (30.6%), with 44.4% of newborns requiring NICU admission. Conclusion: These findings highlight the significant complications of maternal and fetal associated with GDM and underscore the need for comprehensive prenatal and postnatal care.

Keywords: Gestational diabetes mellitus, maternal and fetal outcomes, Sylhet, Bangladesh.


  1. Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

    Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital, Sylhet

  2. Professor and Head, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

    Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital, Sylhet

  3. Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology

    Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital, Sylhet

  4. Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

    Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College and Hospital, Sylhet

  5. Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

    Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital, Sylhet

  6. Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health

    Sylhet Women's Medical College Hospital, Sylhet

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Volume 7, Number 2, July 2025
Page: 25-32