Background: Wound dehiscence is described as partial or complete disruption of an abdominal wound closure with or without protrusion and evisceration of abdominal contents. It is a very serious postoperative complication associated with high morbidity and mortality. Several factors have been shown to be linked with wound dehiscence following surgery, including open surgical approach, malnutrition, jaundice, obesity, anemia, smoking habit, insulin-dependent diabetes, immunosuppression, wound contamination, hypoalbuminemia, and prolonged operative time. Postoperative outcome also varies depending on operative technique and timing of surgery, such as early or late intervention, and on the nature of the surgery, as elective or emergency. It was evident that the complication rate after emergency surgery is higher than that of elective surgery. Objective: To assess wound dehiscence in elective and emergency abdominal surgery and its management outcome in a tertiary-level hospital. Method: This Prospective observational study was carried out in the Department of Surgery, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, from 14th September 2020 to 14th September 2021. Ethical approval was obtained from the RMCH ethical review board. Patients who underwent laparotomy for emergency or elective surgery were selected by purposive sampling and allocated into two groups, 50 patients in each. Group-A (including 50 patients who underwent elective surgery) and Group-B (50 patients who underwent emergency surgery). The occurrence of wound dehiscence with other postoperative outcomes was evaluated. All information is recorded in the data collection sheet. Result: In this study, the majority of patients (28.0%) were in the 41-50 years age group, with a mean age of 46.4±11.2 years in Group-A and 45.1±11.5 years in Group-B. There was no significant difference between the two groups. The male-to-female ratio was 1.9:1. A large number of respondents came from the urban areas (73.0%), followed by rural areas (27.0%). The largest group (47.0%) was service holders and workers, with 46.0% in group A and 48.0% in group B. No significant difference was observed between groups with respect to the demographic profile. In this study, major compounding factors were: 1) age, 2) sex, 3) diabetes, 4) wound infection, 5) indication of surgery, 6) type of suture used; other: mentioned in background; additional factors: lack of proper preoperative preparation in emergency cases. Common indications for surgery included gastric, intestinal, and hepatobiliary procedures. On clinicopathological assessment, wound infections are categorized into three types: superficial, deep incisional, and organ-space SSIs. The present study shows that 2% of patients in group A had superficial incisional surgical site Infection, whereas in group B, it occurred in 10% of patients. Deep incisional surgical site infection developed in 2% of patients in group A and 8% of patients in group B. The difference between groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). The present study demonstrated that the frequency of wound dehiscence after abdominal surgery is 24.0%. Compared with group A, the frequency of wound dehiscence is 20.0% in patients who underwent emergency surgery (group B). Whereas this frequency was lower, e.g., 4.0% in patients undergoing elective surgery (group A). Therefore, emergency surgery is associated with a higher risk of postoperative wound dehiscence. Regarding the management-related issues, 5 of them underwent relaparotomy for the management of the wound dehiscence, and all were H/O emergency surgery. Five patients were treated with tension suture, and only 2 with layered suture during the second operation of abdominal closure. Conclusion: The present study concluded that an emergency surgical procedure was significantly associated with wound dehiscence. The overall magnitude of abdominal wound dehiscence in the study area was 24.0%. Strict observance of sterility techniques and auditing the use of the type of sutures are mandatory to decrease the incidence.